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This
was posted by Dag Lindgren 080901
Suggestion for vegetative propagation of Norway spruce in
southern
If land owners are willing to pay an
additional 15c for a plant, with 10 percent increase in production,
or up to 20% when no suitable seed orchard seeds are availab=
le,
it seems to me that the way to do it is to make
artificial crosses with the genotypes with high breedin=
g values, and
multiply the cross (full sib family) vegetatively by rooted cutti=
ngs.
At least if we are talking about the situation for Norway spruce in
southern Sweden, where the breeding value of many genotypes are known
and operationally possible to cross, the situation may be differe=
nt
elsewhere. (For cases were landowners are unwilling to
accept extra costs much above a cent per plant to achie=
ve
gain or other obstacles exists, instead improved seed
orchards could be considered http://pub-epsilon.slu.se/151/01/ZProcFinalFeb0=
8.pdf)
Massmultiplication of
tested superior genotypes by vegetative propagation for deploymen=
t in
forestry has been THE dream since half a century. The status some
years ago in the Nordic countries was summarized by Steve Lee http://www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/w_s-lee.pdf/$FILE/w_s-lee.pdf. =
;Probably a more
recent update exists among TREEBREEX's&nbs=
p;hidden treasures.
Jochen Kleinschmidt
carried out a rooted cutting program in
It is now an established technolog=
y to
bulk propagate selected controlled crosses with rooted cuttings =
;of
http://daglindgren.upsc.se/Meetings/Fi=
nland08/Sitka_spruce_families_on_Ireland.htm. If needed, clones can be kept sufficiently
juvenile, the multiplication factor from a limited seed number
expanded and multiplication speeded up by in vitro multiplication
(SE) in the initial multiplication phase (making stock or mother plants). T=
hus
I think the SE technique can have an important role even in the c=
ase
of rooted cuttings. What I have in mind is very similar to and inspirated from the Irish program.
Probably the best tested clones from the best
full-sibs offer 5 per cent more gain than bu=
lkpropagation
of controlled crosses from the best available parents, if comparison is
made in a fair way (comparisons seldom seems fair and
scientists frequently give figures letting the listener conc=
lude
that the gain is higher, but I believe many of this
associations are misleading). I suggest that it is sufficient
for practical forestry to use vegetative propagation of seeds
from controlled crosses of superior parents. (like=
Steve Lee in his recent presentation "family forestry - who
could ask for anything more?"). Clone testing is time
consuming, clone maintainance during
testing is yet a major problem, many genotypes are not
suitable for large-scaled propagation or long term storage, monoclonal fore=
stry
adds many problems connected to production, markets, legalities,
certification and acceptance.The test=
and
storage during testing may be more expensive if tested clones
for planting is the target, than if the target is parents
for crosses. When the tested clones are available, their
genes can also be used for forestry via vegetative
bulk propagation of their offspring, which
may appear beneficial when it comes to actual decisions after the
testing. The advantage of using tested clones in forestry does not
seem THAT big, and they are not required to
motivate initiation of a program with vegetative
propagation. However, for advocates of "true clonal
forestry" if bulk propagation of controlled crosses is
successfully implemented, the step to tested clones may seem short
and easy to implement. Thus, clonal forestry wi=
th
tested clones will be greatly facilitated if the step with bulked crosses is
taken first. You must learn to creep before you can walk!
Should I encourage
I initiated a seed orchard discussion and got several =
replies, which
I reacted to, thus this discussion worked. Now I try vegetative
propagation to see if that is more exciting. It may raise comments and
also be an appetizer for the GENECAR supported meeting on Vegetative
propagation in
Dag Lindgren
One reply was posted:
“Use of controlled cros=
ses
which are multiplied by cuttings and use of the cutting for forest plantati=
ons
is good idea to test for spruces. May to think on some
simulation where we can weight cost and time and genetic gain and compare it
with other strategies or may be to optimise
it?”
Dag response: Yes, I think that is a very good suggest= ion!